mtDNA (Mitochondrial DNA) is the small circular genome inside mitochondria, encoding proteins essential for the electron transport chain. Unlike nuclear DNA, mtDNA has limited repair mechanisms and is exposed to high concentrations of reactive oxygen species from OXPHOS, making it vulnerable to damage.
Key Points
- •Maternal inheritance — mtDNA is passed primarily through the maternal line
- •Mutation rate — higher than nuclear DNA due to oxidative stress
- •Red light — photobiomodulation may support mtDNA integrity and biogenesis
In ONDA Life
The Mitochondrial DNA Red Light article covers protocols for supporting mitochondrial health and mtDNA.